ICSE 6 Biology Circulatory Short

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    ⚡ Rapid Revision: Short Notes (Part 1)

    🩸 Blood Nature

    A Fluid Connective Tissue made of Plasma (liquid) and Cells (solid).

    🧪 Plasma

    Yellowish fluid; contains 90% water, nutrients, and hormones.

    🔴 RBCs

    Contain Haemoglobin; transport Oxygen; no nucleus when mature.

    ⚪ WBCs

    Protect body from germs; larger than RBCs; have a nucleus.

    Key Vocabulary

    • ✅ Haemoglobin + Oxygen: Forms Oxyhaemoglobin.
    • ✅ Thrombocytes: Scientific name for Platelets (clotting cells).
    • ✅ Blood Clotting: Prevents blood loss; involves Thrombin and Fibrin.
    • ✅ Lymph: "Blood minus RBCs"; protects against antigens.
    • ✅ Tissue Fluid: Fluid bathing the cells in intercellular spaces.
    Universal Donor
    Group O
    ⚡
    Universal Acceptor
    Group AB

    Clotting Proteins

    Fibrinogen Soluble protein present in blood plasma.
    Fibrin Insoluble solid threads that form the mesh of a clot.

    ⚡ Rapid Revision: Short Notes (Part 2)

    The Pump: Heart Facts

    • 📌 Myocardium: The special muscle that makes up the heart walls.
    • 📌 Pericardium: Protective double membrane surrounding the heart.
    • 📌 Auricles (Atria): Upper chambers; thin-walled; receive blood.
    • 📌 Ventricles: Lower chambers; thick-walled; pump blood out.
    • 📌 Valves: Ensure one-way flow (Tricuspid on right, Bicuspid/Mitral on left).

    The Pipes: Vessel Rules

    Vessel Wall Type Main Function
    Arteries Thick & Elastic Carry blood Away from heart.
    Veins Thin with Valves Carry blood To the heart.
    Capillaries One-cell thick Site of Gas/Nutrient Exchange.

    Disorder Cheat Sheet

    • Hypertension: High BP (140/90 or more).
    • Hypotension: Abnormally low BP.
    • Atherosclerosis: Blocking of arteries by fats/cholesterol.
    • Angina: Chest pain due to low oxygen reaching heart.
    • Cardiac Arrest: Heart stops beating suddenly (Electrical problem).
    • Heart Attack: Blood supply to heart muscle is blocked (Circulation problem).

    Instruments to Know

    Stethoscope: Heartbeat sound Sphygmomanometer: Blood Pressure
    Emergency Tip

    For cardiac arrest, use Chest Compressions and Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation immediately to maintain blood flow to the brain.

    End of ICSE Class 6 Biology: Circulatory System Revision Notes

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